One July afternoon in 2024, Ryan Williams set out to prove himself wrong. Two months had passed since he’d hit upon a startling discovery about the relationship between time and memory in computing.

Complexity theory is a branch of computer science that studies the resources required to solve computational problems, particularly focusing on the classification of problems based on their inherent ...

Nonbinary low-density parity-check (NB-LDPC) codes have emerged as a powerful tool in error correction, offering significant performance improvements over traditional ...