Optimization is essential in real-life mechanical engineering problems that mostly are nonlinear, depend on mixed decision variables, and are usually subject to constraints. However, most of the ...

This article deals with the study of the particle swarm optimization algorithm and its variants. After modeling the global system, a comparative study is carried out about the algorithms described in ...

An international research team has proposed use of a modified version of the tunicate swarm algorithm (TSA) to help PV arrays achieve an improved yield under partial shading conditions. The TSA is an ...