Although mathematically elegant, back-propagation isn't perfect. Instead consider using particle swarm optimization (PSO) to train your neural network; here's how. You can think of a neural network as ...

Journal of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Vol. 10, No. 1 (January to June 2016), pp. 42-49 (8 pages) Abstract: Land use planning seeks to divide land, the most valuable resource in the hands of ...

The familiar early summer call of the cuckoo has inspired composer and poet alike, but the sound belies the bird's true parasitic nature. Now, researchers have taken the cuckoo's wont to deposit its ...

Particle swarm optimization isn't usually seen as the first-choice technique for training a neural network but, as James McCaffrey demonstrates, it's a useful alternative. Particle swarm optimization ...

As a group, simple creatures following simple rules can display a surprising amount of complexity, efficiency, and even creativity. Known as swarm intelligence, this trait is found throughout nature, ...