On 9 July 1925, Heisenberg sent a paper titled ‘Quantum-theoretical re-interpretation of kinematic and mechanical relations’ to Max Born, whom he was assisting at that time, and Born sent the paper to ...

There are lots of quantum computing start-ups, but IBM, America's first tech company, has led the pack since the 1970s, and ...

During the 2026 Winter Olympics, athletes will leap off ramps, slide across ice and spin through the air. These performances will look different to my ...

This puzzle is known as the problem of time, and it remains one of the most persistent obstacles to a unified theory of ...

Long before quantum mechanics existed, a scientist developed a powerful way of describing motion by drawing an analogy between particles and light.

Time feels like the most basic feature of reality. Seconds tick, days pass and everything from planetary motion to human memory seems to unfold along a single, irreversible direction. We are born and ...

When formulas, standard rules, and shortcuts are already clear in the mind, students can immediately focus on solving the question rather than struggling with the basics.

Vladimir Fock occupies a distinctive place in the history of twentieth-century science, not only for his profound ...

The way time ticks forward in our universe has long stumped physicists. Now, a new set of tools from entangled atoms to black ...